Gukubita ibishishwa ni inzira yo gukora umuyoboro ushongeshejwe (bita parison cyangwa preform) y'ibikoresho bya termoplastique (polymer cyangwa resin) hanyuma ugashyira parison cyangwa preform mu mwobo wacuzwe hanyuma ugahindura umuyoboro n'umwuka uhumanye, kugirango ufate ishusho ya umwobo hanyuma ukonje igice mbere yo kuvana mubibumbano.
Igice icyo aricyo cyose gishyushye gishobora guhindurwa.
Ibice ntibigarukira gusa kumacupa, aho hariho gufungura kimwe kandi mubisanzwe ni bito mumurambararo cyangwa ubunini kuruta ibipimo rusange byumubiri. Ubu ni bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gupakira abaguzi, icyakora hariho ubundi bwoko busanzwe bwibihuru byacuzwe, harimo, ariko ntibigarukira gusa:
- Ibikoresho byinshi byinganda
- Ibyatsi, ubusitani nibikoresho byo murugo
- Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga nibice, ibikinisho
- Kubaka ibicuruzwa byinganda
- Imodoka-munsi yibice bya hood
- Ibikoresho
Gukubita Molding Uburyo bwo Gukora
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwo guhumeka:
- Gukuramo ibicuruzwa
- Gutera inshinge
- Gutera inshinge
Itandukaniro nyamukuru muri bo nuburyo bwo gushinga gereza; haba mugukuramo cyangwa guterwa inshinge, ingano ya parison nuburyo bwo kugenda hagati ya gereza no guhuha; haba guhagarara, guhinduranya, umurongo cyangwa kuzunguruka.
Muri Extrusion Blow Molding- (EBM) polymer irashonga kandi igishishwa gikomeye gisohokera mu rupfu kugirango kibe umuyoboro wuzuye cyangwa gereza. Ibice bibiri byububiko bukonje noneho bifungwa hafi ya gereza, umwuka wumuvuduko winjizwa unyuze mumashini cyangwa urushinge, ukawuzuza muburyo bwububiko, bityo bikabyara igice cyuzuye. Nyuma ya plastiki ishyushye imaze gukonja bihagije, ifu irakingurwa igice kirakurwaho.
Muri EBM hari uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo gukuramo, Gukomeza no Guhuza. Mubikomeza, gereza isohoka ubudahwema kandi ifumbire yimuka ikava kure ya gereza. Hagati aho, plastike ikusanyirizwa hamwe na extruder mucyumba, hanyuma igahatira gupfa gukora gereza. Ibishushanyo mubisanzwe bihagaze munsi cyangwa hafi ya extruder.
Ingero zuburyo bukomeza nuburyo bukomeza Extrusion Shuttle imashini na Rotary Wheel. Imashini zisohora rimwe na rimwe zishobora kuba Isubiranamo cyangwa Umutwe wa Acumulator. Impamvu zitandukanye zirasuzumwa mugihe uhitamo inzira nubunini cyangwa moderi zihari.
Ingero z'ibice byakozwe na gahunda ya EBM zirimo ibicuruzwa byinshi bidafite umumaro, nk'amacupa, ibice by'inganda, ibikinisho, ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gupakira.
Kubyerekeranye na sisitemu yo gutera inshinge - (IBS), polymer yatewe inshinge yibumbwe mumurongo uri mu mwobo kugirango ibe umuyoboro wuzuye witwa preform. Imikorere izunguruka ku nkoni yibanze kugeza ku gihu cyangwa ibicu kuri sitasiyo ihuha kugirango ikonje kandi ikonje. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mugukora amacupa mato, mubisanzwe 16oz / 500ml cyangwa munsi yayo kumusaruro mwinshi cyane. Inzira igabanijwemo intambwe eshatu: gutera inshinge, kuvuza no gusohora, byose bikozwe mumashini ihuriweho. Ibice bisohoka bifite ibipimo byuzuye byuzuye kandi birashobora kwihanganira kwihanganira-nta bikoresho byongewe muburyo bikora neza.
Ingero z'ibice bya IBS ni amacupa ya farumasi, ibice byubuvuzi, kwisiga hamwe nibindi bikoresho byabaguzi.
Gutera inshinge zo gutera inshinge- (ISBM) inzira yo gutera inshinge- (ISBM) inzira isa na gahunda ya IBS yasobanuwe haruguru, muburyo preform yashizwemo inshinge. Ihindurwa ryibishushanyo noneho ryerekanwe kumpanuka muburyo buteganijwe, ariko mbere yo guhuha bwa nyuma kumiterere, preform irambuye muburebure kimwe na radiyo. Polimeri isanzwe ikoreshwa ni PET na PP, zifite imiterere yumubiri izamurwa nigice cyo kurambura inzira. Uku kurambura gutanga igice cyanyuma kunoza imbaraga hamwe nimbogamizi kumuremere muremure cyane hamwe nubunini bwurukuta rwiza kuruta IBS cyangwa EBM - ariko, bitarimo imipaka nkibikoresho byabigenewe, nibindi .. ISBM irashobora kugabanwa muri Intambwe imwe na Intambwe ebyiri inzira.
Muri Intambwe imwe gutunganya byombi gukora preform no gucupa bikozwe mumashini imwe. Ibi birashobora gukorwa mumashini ya sitasiyo 3 cyangwa 4, (Injection, Imiterere, Gukubita no Gusohora). Iyi nzira hamwe nibikoresho bifitanye isano irashobora gukora ubunini buto kugeza murwego rwo hejuru rwamacupa atandukanye.
Muri Intambwe ebyiri gutunganya plastike yabanje kubumbwa muri preform ukoresheje imashini itera inshinge itandukanye na blower molder. Ibi byakozwe hamwe nijosi ryamacupa, harimo nududodo kumpera ifunguye impera yanyuma ifunze. Izi preforms zirakonjeshwa, zibikwa, kandi zigaburirwa nyuma mumashini yongeye gushushanya. Muburyo bubiri bwo gusubiramo ibintu, preforms zirashyuha (mubisanzwe zikoresha ubushyuhe bwa infragre) hejuru yubushyuhe bwikirahure, hanyuma zirambuye kandi zirahuha ukoresheje umwuka wumuvuduko mwinshi mubibabi.
Inzira Zibiri Zikwiranye cyane nubunini cyane bwibikoresho, litiro 1 na munsi, hamwe no gukoresha cyane resin itanga imbaraga zikomeye, inzitizi ya gaze nibindi biranga.